Blog

CS 480 SIMULATOR PROJECT INTRODUCTION This assignment has been developed to provide students with a quality experience of the design and operational decisions made by persons developing an Operating System. However, it also incorporates the real world (i.e., advanced academia and/or industry) conditions of managing a larger scale project as well as reading code during the grading component of each phase. The simulator project will be run in at least four phases. Each of these phases will be specified in this document although some small changes may be made as the project progresses. The Instructor is open to changes recommended by students as long as the entire project, including grading, is completed on or before 19 November 2020 (course term end). Development requirements The simulator must be programmed and written completely in the C programming language, and run in the Linux environment The make operation must compile all files with gcc (i.e., as opposed to g++); the make file must be structured in the same form as the Instructors’ provided file All programs are required to use a make file with the -f switch followed by a make file name (NOT makefile) All program files must be compiled with the -Wall switch, the -std=c99 switch, and the -pedantic switch The make file names are the project or program names with a _mf appended, and are used as follows: make -f myprog_mf Students are also required to demonstrate effective modularity by breaking the various functions out into appropriately organized files. More information about programming standards and operations is provided later in this document as well is in the project rubric. CALENDAR/SCHEDULE OF ASSIGNMENTS 11 Jan: Sim01 assigned in Week 1 folder 28 Jan: Sim01 program due in Week 1 folder (~3 weeks) 01 Feb: Sim02 assigned in Week 4 folder 04 Feb: Sim01 grading due in Week 4 folder 18 Feb: Sim02 program due in Week 4 folder (~3 weeks) 22 Feb: Sim03 program assigned in Week 7 folder 25 Feb: Sim02 grading due in Week 7 folder 18 Mar: Sim03 program due in Week 7 folder (3+ Weeks) 22 Mar: Sim04 program assigned in Week 11 folder 25 Mar: Sim03 grading due in Week 11 folder 15 Apr: Sim04 program due in Week 11 folder (3+ Weeks) 22 Apr: Sim04 grading due in Week 15 folder {22 Apr: Last day of classes} The schedule above is provided to help make assignments and due dates clear. Make sure each assignment is correctly turned in to the right place by the right time; loss of some or all credit may occur for incorrect assignment preparation and/or uploading management. Also note that due to time limitations, it is unlikely that any deadlines will be changed. Posting of Simulator Code to repositories (e.g., github, Bitbucket, SourceForge, etc.) This project has the potential to be a very powerful representation of your best work and you SHOULD show it off to potential employers. However, according to NAU policy and the policies for this course, sharing this code with other students is a violation of academic integrity. And it should be noted that depending on the circumstances, there is a fair chance you could be charged with an academic integrity violation even after leaving this class. That would be bad since the potential sanctions would be more significant at the University level. Another issue is the fact that you are given virtually all of the code for the first assignment which is used for all of the others. Representing this code as your own is plagiarism, and potentially, fraud. So how do you handle this since you would like to show your project to potential employers Here are acceptable ways to handle this: 1. When showing off your code, make it clear inside the code files as well as in the presentation of the code that the file I/O operations were developed by me. You do not have my permission to represent it as your own code. While I do provide you with the code, I (and your potential employers) expect the credit for development of the code to be given to the appropriate party. Just do that. No harm, no foul. If you actually create the file access code on your own and it is distinctively different from mine, then it is yours and you should represent it as such. Again, no harm, no foul. 2. As for posting the code, you should set it to private status and note in your resume that it will be provided to potential employers on request. They are fine with that. If you are in the process of being interviewed or your potential employer is interested enough in your work to request to see the code, open it up for a brief time (three or four days, but no longer than a week). I am not just okay with that, I will be proud that you did it. 3. Finally, when you graduate, the University does not have as much authority over you and your education anymore so you COULD uncover this code. However, when you graduate, you will be a professional who follows a clear code of conduct in whatever discipline or industry you pursue. It would still not be right for you to set other students up for potential academic integrity violations at that point (Note that this has happened). I would ask that you continue to keep it set to private except for those moments in your career where you wish to show it off. At that point, it is your call. GENERAL PROGRAMMING AND DEVELOPMENT EXPECTATIONS Specific rubrics will be provided for grading each program. However, the following are general expectations of programmers in this 400-level course: – since students will have an overview of all of the programs, be sure to consider the subsequent phases as the first programs are developed; an overlying strategy from the beginning will significantly support extending and/or expanding each program – students may work with any number of fellow students to develop the program design, related data structures, algorithmic actions, and so on for each phase. Students who do work together must note which students with whom they worked in the upload text on BlackBoard Learn; this is for the students’ protection – that said, once a student begins coding each phase, s/he may not discuss or work with anyone on the development, coding, and/or debugging process. Strategy(s) may still be discussed but without specific Instructor permission, no student may view or be involved with the code of another. It will be a good idea to make sure a high-quality design has been developed prior to beginning the coding process – all programs must be eminently readable, meaning any reasonably competent programmer should be able to sit down, look at the code, and know how it works in a few minutes. This does not mean a large number of comments are necessary; the code itself should read clearly. Refer to the Programming Standards document for best practices and requirements; this document will be used as the final reference during the grading phases – the program must demonstrate all the software development practices expected of a 400-level course. For example, all potential file failures must be resolved elegantly, any screen presentation must be of high quality, any data structures or management must demonstrate high quality, supporting actions and components must demonstrate effective modularity with the use of functions, there may not be any global or single-letter variables, and so on. If there is any question about these standards, check with the Instructor – one example of clean modularity is that no functions other than the main function may be in the main driver file. All simulator actions, utility functions, and any other support code must be in other files with file names that clearly indicate what kind of support code will be contained within. It is expected that for the final assignment, there will be at least five or six separate C files, but in most cases, no more than ten to twelve – students may use any of the C libraries specified in this paragraph as needed, but may not use any other libraries, and may not use pre-developed data structures, tools, or programs that students are expected to write for this project. Allowed Libraries: sys/time.h, math.h, stdio.h, stdlib.h, pthread.h, time.h, and string.h Also allowed: printf family functions, including printf, fprintf, sprintf, snprintf Disallowed functions: utility functions are any functions that start with “str” (e.g., strcpy, strcat, strtok, etc.) Disallowed functions: functions that implement conversions such as atoi, atof, etc. Any of these or other functions that conduct utility actions must be written by the individual student using them Students who want to use other libraries or have questions about utility functions must check with the Instructor for approval If a given function or library other than mentioned in this paragraph is approved, the approval will be shared with all students in the class The use of unapproved headers/libraries and/or utility functions will cause a reduction in credit. – in addition, when specified in the instructions, students must use POSIX/pthread operations to manage the I/O operations but may NOT use previously created threads such as timer threads (e.g., sleep, msleep, usleep, etc.). If there are any questions on this, ask the Instructor so your grade is not harmed by an incorrect choice. – all programs must compile without errors or warnings, and run on the CEFNS linux system (i.e., linux.cefns.nau.edu). All programs must also be tested for any memory issues using the Valgrind/Memcheck software product, and this must be tested on the CEFNS system as well. Individual students may develop their programs in any environment they choose* but – as stated – the program must compile and run, and pass the Valgrind tests, on the CEFNS system. It will be a good idea to check individual programs on this system well before the program is due, which will probably include during the development time. *While this specification allows for the use of MS/Windows tools, there will come a point in the development process – very likely in Sim02 – that you will have to use Linux to implement threading operations to meet the program requirements. You are advised to jump right into the Linux environment and get through the initial struggles during your development of the first program as it will be the easiest assignment – for each programming assignment: Each student will upload the program files using his or her own secret ID which will be generated and provided to students in their BBLearn grade rows; note that this is NOT the NAU student ID The file for each student must be tarred and zipped in Linux as specified below, and must be able to be unzipped on any Linux computer Any and all files necessary for the operation of the program must be included, which would be all the .c, .h, and make files In addition, a grading Rubric spreadsheet will be provided with each assignment; this must also be included in the tar/gz file Any extraneous files added such as unnecessary library, data files, or object files will be cause for credit reduction The file must be named Sim0X_.tar.gz where X represents the specific project number, and the students secret ID code is placed in the location. An example would be Sim01_123456.tar.gz The programs must be uploaded at or before 4:00 pm on the date for each specific programming project/phase, and at or before 4:00 pm for each grading component Dates are found previously in this document. THE PROGRAM CONFIGURATION DATA All programs must be able to input and store the contents of the file shown next. Note that any of the nine configuration lines may be in any order in the file. However, the “Start Simulator…” and the “End Simulator…” lines will be located at the beginning and end of the file as shown. Start Simulator Configuration File Version/Phase: 1.0 File Path: Test_3.mdf CPU Scheduling Code: NONE Quantum Time (cycles): 55 Memory Available (KB): 12000 Processor Cycle Time (msec): 10 I/O Cycle Time (msec): 20 Log To: Monitor Log File Path: logfile_1.lgf End Simulator Configuration File. The following items specify the expected and allowed data that may be used in the configuration file. Each has a specification of limits or conditions and if any configuration item is outside the specified limits, the uploading process must throw an error. Version/Phase: This line will have a version number such as 1.25, 2.3, 3.44, etc. Note that the version/phase will be different for each assignment and will be floating point values; in many cases, student programs are likely to have evolving fractional version numbers as the programs are developed. Specification: 0.0 ≤ V/P ≤ 10.0 File Path: This line must contain the file path where the meta-data will be found. The assignment requirement is that the data must be in the same directory as the program CPU Scheduling Code: This line will hold any of the following: FCFS-N, SJF-N, SRTF-P, FCFS-P, RR-P. No other code names are allowed, and if any are found, the data access must be aborted, and the configuration function must signal failure to the calling function. Note that the configuration input function should not display any output – this will be discussed later. Quantum Time: This line will hold an integer specifying the quantum time for the Simulator. For the first couple of projects, this will be zero and/or will be ignored by the program although it must still be stored in the data structure. Specification: 0 ≤ Q ≤ 100 Memory Available: This line will hold an integer specifying the system memory that will be available. For the first couple of projects this may also be ignored although it must still be stored in the data structure. Specification: 1024 ≤ MA ≤ 102400 (1 MB to 100 MB in KB form) Processor Cycle Time (msec): This line will hold an integer cycle time that will specify the number of milliseconds each processor cycle will consume. Specification: 1 ≤ PCT ≤ 1000 I/O Cycle Time (msec): This line will also hold an integer cycle time like the processor cycle time. Specification: 1 ≤ IOCT ≤ 10,000 Log To: This line will hold one of three terms, being Monitor, File, or Both. No other code names are allowed, and if any are found, the data access must be aborted, and the configuration input function must signal failure to the calling function Log File Path: This line will hold the file path of the log file, which is used if “Log To:” has selected either File or Both. It must still hold some string quantity even if “Log To:” is set to Monitor (e.g. no logfile, or none) At the end of the configuration file, the last “End Simulator . . . “ must be found in the configuration file exactly as shown above. Most failure issues such as missing file, corrupted file data, or incomplete data must stop the function and elegantly respond. This includes closing the input file if it is open, halting any other processing, file I/O, or file management, and providing an indication to the calling function as to what went wrong. Remember that the function must communicate the error to the calling function; error messages must all be printed from the main function. THE PROGRAM META-DATA The program meta-data components are as follows: Commands: sys, app, dev, cpu, mem In/Out arguments: in, out First string argument (after In/Out where used): start, end process, allocate, access, ethernet, hard drive, keyboard, monitor, serial, sound signal, usb, video signal First and/or second integer arguments: values as specified in configuration standards. Sample meta-data Start Program Meta-Data Code: sys start app start, 0 dev in, hard drive, 18 cpu process, 9 cpu process, 9 cpu process, 9 dev out, monitor, 60 app end app start, 0 dev in, sound signal, 40 mem allocate, 2048, 4096 dev in, hard drive, 30 mem allocate, 2760, 2890 dev in, sound signal, 25 cpu process, 6 mem allocate, 3000, 4000 dev out, usb, 10 mem allocate, 3500, 3700 app end app start, 0 dev in, video signal, 70 cpu process, 10 dev out, monitor, 70 dev in, hard drive, 18 cpu process, 9 app end app start, 0 dev in, sound signal, 35 dev out, monitor, 100 dev in, keyboard, 50 cpu process, 9 dev out, video signal, 49 app end app start, 0 dev in, keyboard, 90 dev out, sound signal, 40 dev out, serial, 32 cpu process, 10 dev in, hard drive, 15 app end sys end End Program Meta-Data Code. GENERAL INFORMATION The cycle times are applied as specified here: The cycle time represents the number of milliseconds per cycle for the program. For example, if a device has a 50 msec/cycle time (found in the configuration file), and it is supposed to run for 10 cycles (found in the meta-data file, the device operation (i.e., the timer for that device) must actually run for 500 mSec. An onboard clock interface of some kind must be used to manage this, and the precision must be to the microsecond level. To repeat, the simulator must represent real time; if the operations take 10 seconds, the simulator must take 10 seconds. SUPPORTING PROGRAM CODE Timing the simulator operations: A support file simtimer.c and its header file will be provided for student consideration. It is not required for students to use this code, however timer displays used for each of the assignments must correctly show the time at microsecond precision (i.e., 0.000001 sec) as specified previously. The microsecond display is demonstrated in the Sim01 demonstration program, which will also be provided. Creating example test programs: The program proggen.c has been developed to support testing and work with this assignment. It can generate test program meta-data with varying parameters, although it does not generate memory access or allocation op codes as these need to be uniquely created. It can also be modified as needed to use different operations-generating algorithm(s). Besides using this program for its intended purpose, students can also observe expected programming practices especially as relates to readability. As noted previously in this document, comments are allowed but not expected; program code should be eminently readable by the use of self- documenting identifiers. That said, this code is significantly commented to support learning. RUNNING THE SIMULATOR The simulator will input a configuration file that is accepted from the command line, as follows: ./sim0x [-zz] config_y.cnf *x is the project number (1-4), y is the number of a given configuration file, and zz is one or more of the three specified command line switches Note that the program MUST work in this form, and ONLY in this form. The use of any console input actions for the configuration or meta data files will be cause for significant credit reduction. The configuration file must be used as a command-line argument, and the meta data file must be opened after acquiring the meta data file name from the configuration file. Any deviation from this requirement will cause a reduction of credit. Also note that differing configuration files will be used for various testing purposes. Phase I (Sim01) – Input Data Management DESCRIPTION This phase – which is a review of data structures, implemented in C – will require the creation of two data-acquisition operations that upload and store two sets of data: the Simulator configuration file, and the Simulator meta-data file. It will also provide a display representing the running simulator. While this is a stand-alone project, students are wise to assess the next three phases of the project so they can consider the requirements and develop their code to be modular components of the larger system. The last project or two will be pretty complicated but will not be difficult to develop as long as the base components have been developed well. IMPORTANT: As mentioned previously, no processing function should ever display an output. The configuration and meta-data input operations are a good example. If there is a failure in the operation/function, it should provide some form of messaging back to the calling function so the calling function can manage the issue, which may include displaying an error message and/or shutting down the program. Any processing functions (i.e., functions not specifically focused on I/O actions other than its specifications) that conduct any I/O will experience a significant reduction of credit. As a note, the simulator function’s task is to display simulated operations, so it is acceptable for that function, along with its subordinate functions, to display or store output. MAIN FILE/MAIN METHOD/DRIVER One file will contain the main file for the simulator program. As mentioned previously in this document, no other functions or operations should be in the main file except the main function itself, and most of this function’s actions will be to call other functions to conduct the necessary operations. The main function should be developed to upload the configuration and meta-data files, and to conduct the simulation process before any other code is written; this is demonstrated in the tutorial related to this course. If implemented correctly, this function will not change throughout this project. CONFIGURATION FILE The configuration file must be uploaded to the system as called by the main function. Any issues with incorrect commands, in/out arguments, and string or other arguments including specified limits for the configuration items must stop the program and report the issue as specifically as possible. META-DATA FILE The meta-data file must also be uploaded to the system as called by the main function and again, any incorrect or misspelled commands or string arguments, or out of limit numerical arguments must stop the program, and report the issue as specifically as possible. As specified above, students will be provided a meta-data file generation program. The meta-data acquisition component must upload any meta-data file of any size, any number of actions, any number of programs, etc., and all student programs must work correctly on any correctly formed meta-data file. ASSIGNMENT As specified in the description, students are to develop modules that, when called, input and store the Simulator configuration data and the Simulator meta-data. The Sim01 program will also provide a call to the function that runs the simulator. For purposes of this first assignment, the function will simple output “runSim called here” to the monitor to demonstrate that the main driver program is fully operational. Once this part of the assignment is completed, there should be no reason to go back and modify the main program. Once the modules are developed, they must be executed in a driver program and tested with varying data to prove they are working correctly. IMPORTANT: It will not be enough to hack together a program that seems to work. All programs must be eminently readable since each program will be graded by one of your peers in the class in a double-blind anonymous system. Even if your program works – or seems to work – correctly, it will not receive full credit if it is difficult to read and/or understand. Refer to the programming standards provided in each project rubric as well as the example program code provided. While these standards are not an absolute requirement, the intent (readability) of the standards is a requirement. Also review each assignment rubric early in your development process so you will know how your program will be graded. To repeat: All code must be eminently readable. Use of single-letter variables, lack of white space, lack of curly braces used for every selection or iteration statement, etc. will be cause for loss of credit. IMPORTANT (again): As mentioned previously in this document, the programming quality of a 400-level course is expected here. While this Simulator project is much easier than working with a real operating system, the programming is still non- trivial. It is strongly recommended that students start on each of the Simulator assignments as soon as they are posted; late starts and last-minute programming attempts will not be successful. SIM01 PROCESS/DISPLAY The following command-line call using the switch -dc (display config) is provided here: >OS_SimDriver_6 -dc config0.cnf Simulator Program ================= Config File Display ——————- Version : 1.05 Program file name : testfile.mdf CPU schedule selection : SRTF-P Quantum time : 3 Memory Available : 11100 Process cycle rate : 10 I/O cycle rate : 20 Log to selection : Both Log file name : logfile_1.lgf Simulator Program End. The following command-line call using the switch -dm (display meta-data) is provided here: >OS_SimDriver_6 -dm config0.cnf Simulator Program ================= Meta-Data File Display ———————- Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: sys/io: NA /arg1: start/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: start/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: hard drive/arg 2: 18/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: cpu/io: NA /arg1: process/arg 2: 9/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: cpu/io: NA /arg1: process/arg 2: 9/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: cpu/io: NA /arg1: process/arg 2: 9/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: out /arg1: monitor/arg 2: 60/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: end/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: start/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: sound signal/arg 2: 40/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: mem/io: NA /arg1: allocate/arg 2: 2048/arg 3: 4096/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: hard drive/arg 2: 30/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: mem/io: NA /arg1: allocate/arg 2: 2760/arg 3: 2890/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: sound signal/arg 2: 25/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: cpu/io: NA /arg1: process/arg 2: 6/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: mem/io: NA /arg1: allocate/arg 2: 3000/arg 3: 4000/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: out /arg1: usb/arg 2: 10/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: mem/io: NA /arg1: allocate/arg 2: 3500/arg 3: 3700/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: end/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: start/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: video signal/arg 2: 70/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: cpu/io: NA /arg1: process/arg 2: 10/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: out /arg1: monitor/arg 2: 70/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: hard drive/arg 2: 18/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: cpu/io: NA /arg1: process/arg 2: 9/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: end/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: start/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: sound signal/arg 2: 35/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: out /arg1: monitor/arg 2: 100/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: keyboard/arg 2: 50/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: cpu/io: NA /arg1: process/arg 2: 9/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: out /arg1: video signal/arg 2: 49/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: end/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: start/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: keyboard/arg 2: 90/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: out /arg1: sound signal/arg 2: 40/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: out /arg1: serial/arg 2: 32/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: cpu/io: NA /arg1: process/arg 2: 10/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: dev/io: in /arg1: hard drive/arg 2: 15/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: app/io: NA /arg1: end/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Op Code: /pid: 0/cmd: sys/io: NA /arg1: end/arg 2: 0/arg 3: 0/op end time: 0.000000 Simulator Program End. The following command-line call using the switch -rs (run simulator) is provided here: >OS_SimDriver_6 -rs config0.cnf Simulator Program ================= runSim called here Simulator Program End. Finally, note that the three command-line switches may be called in any combination. For example, it might be called with both the -dc and -dm switches so that it displays both the configuration file and the meta-data file. It could also be called with all three switches (-dc, -dm, and -rs) and all three responses should be correctly displayed. Phase 2 (Sim02) – Simple Multiple Program Batch Simulator (Advance description – Draft) DESCRIPTION This phase will begin your real simulation work by processing several programs (processes) in one simulator run. The simulator must conduct all of the required operations of Sim01, and include the extensions of Sim02 specified here: – the simulator must manage, process, and display the simulation of multiple programs with multiple operation commands in a batch or sequential form. The number of programs or operation commands will not be known in advance. – the simulator must output the simulation results a) to the monitor, b) to a file (without displaying to the monitor) with the name specified in the configuration file, or c) both; it is important to note again that the monitor display must occur as the operation commands occur in real time with the appropriate time quantities. The selection of monitor, file, or both must be made in the configuration file. In addition, the output to file operation must all be conducted at one point, after the simulation has been completed. This means that all the displayed operation statements with the times, process numbers, operation descriptions, etc. must be stored line by line until the simulation has finished, at which time the data is output to a file. – the simulator must be initially configured for First Come First Served – Non- preemptive (FCFS-N). This means that if FCFS-N is shown in the configuration file, the simulator will progress through the processes as they were found in the meta- data file. At this point, any other scheduling algorithm must drive a configuration file upload failure. – the simulator must show one of four states that the process is in: new, ready, running, or exiting – the simulator must now use a POSIX thread to manage the cycle time for all I/O operations. This is not required for run operations; these may be run as normal functions or threads at the student’s discretion. It also does not apply to the memory management operations which may optionally run for a time as a place holder. These operations will be handled differently in future simulation projects. Note that students are required to create their own timer threads; as mentioned previously in this document, no threads created in, or found in, available libraries, such as sleep, usleep, nanosleep, etc. may be used. For purposes