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History of the city of New York
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Outline
Introduction.
The existing tension between public assembly and free speech. Also, how in the 19th century there was a need for expanding.
New York City and its influence from Dutch legacy in the 19th century
‘Geography is destiny’
Impact of ‘Geography is destiny’ at the New York City during the 19th century.
Conclusion.
History of the city of New York
Introduction
In the year 1524, New York Bay was discovered by a navigator, known as Giovanni da Verrazano, who was in his way to France. There were many other explorers who discovered other parts of New York. Later on, the Dutch settled in Fort Orange in the year 1624. The island of Manhattan was purchased by Peter Minuit, and this is how the Dutch colony was formed and is now the city of New York. Later on, it was taken over, in the year 1664, by people from England (Keller, 2010. 67).
There have been many great impacts, which have been brought about by the Dutch to the city of New York. This has been experienced in the political, social and economic sectors, and some are still evident up to today.
This paper seeks to give an analysis on the influence of the Dutch in the city of New York in the 19th century.
The existing tension between public assembly and free speech. Also, how in the 19th century, there was a need for expanding
The need for public assembly and free speech needed to be addressed, in order to solve the impending problems in the city of New York. During the 19th century, there were many cases concerning freedom of speech. In the year 1919, there was a case in the Supreme Court, concerning issues on free speech. The first case was the Schenck v. U.S. Charles T. The espionage act was violated by Schenck and this is the reason for the existence of the case. His conviction was upheld by the Supreme Court and the decision was unanimous (Keller, 2010. 68). At that time, punishment was awarded to anyone who violated the law through speech. Police played a role in trying to suppress people and this in turn lead to Uprisings in the city of New York. People were trying to find ways in order to make their lives decent. John Mill advocated for people to express themselves in public. This would be of benefit to everyone in society. In order for any society to be free, freedom of expression must exist. Peace needs to be achieved, in order to make sure that people lead lives free from suppression.
New York City and its influence from Dutch legacy in the 19th century
Frontier living in New York City was mixed with that of the Dutch, thus a new culture was formed. There were many churches, schools, traders and farmers. People’s lives were greatly affected by religion, in that most of them were influenced by Christianity. The rates of infant mortality were high and this challenged the lives people led. In order to obtain reassurance and hope, people turned to the church .The latter ensured that aspects such as relief, schooling and needs of a spiritual nature were catered for. Dutch language was spoken widely all over New York and it was known as ‘low Dutch’. This means that American culture did not override that of the Dutch. Some examples of words, which are in use today and are adapted from Dutch language, include yacht, dumb and cookie. Slavery was also introduced in the city of New York by the Dutch (Jacobs, 1992. 34). The latter used slaves in their business such as companies and industries as they were an effective form of labor. This is in the form of cost and convenience. The Dutch greatly contributed towards the improvement of the economy of the city of New York. They established many businesses that thrived in terms of earning large profits. The money earned was used to improve the city of New York.
‘Geography is destiny’
I do agree that geography is indeed destiny. When people discover new land, there is a lot of fame, which is attached to it. The Dutch were extremely enterprising people who wanted to outdo Spain in their different conquests. The coast line of New York City was easily accessible by the Dutch. It was easy for ships to enter the shores of the United States. Also factors such as climate and weather made it possible for the Dutch to take control over the city of New York. The destiny is expressed in that New York City would not be the same today if not for the Dutch. It benefited socially through the introduction of a new culture, which is still embraced positively. Also, people were motivated to fight for their political freedom. There was a need to obtain freedom of speech, in order to advocate for their privileges and rights. The economy of the city of New York was indeed as a result of the geography. This is because trade was made possible as New York was strategically placed.
Impact of ‘Geography is destiny’ at the New York City during the 19th century
It is true that geography affects the outcome in the future, which is known as destiny. As the 19th century came to an end, race relations were not good. There was segregation between the white and black people. The latter were not awarded any rights and were often victimized. Later on, there was the introduction of the Jim Crow, which was an aspect of the race relations that existed during that time. In the future, places such as Harlem often rioted due to the problem of race (Jacobs, 1992. 45).
Gender was another problem, which existed during that time. For example, women were often looked down upon. Roles were well defined and women had no rights. Women were meant to stay at home and take care of the household while the men were the ones who worked. This was a problem, which needed to be addressed in order to improve society as well as the economy. The society, which existed, was stratified and classes of people existed as well. This was to ensure that those in high classes never associated with those of lower classes. Places were named in accordance to the classes of people who resided in them. For example, there is the Upper East Side, Manhattan, Harlem, the Bronx, among others. Thus, the destiny of the city of New York was as a result of its geography (Shorto, 2005. 32).
Conclusion
In conclusion, the history of the city of New York is rich and is of significance. The Dutch are responsible for shaping the current status of New York and Geography assisted in this as well. Gender, class and race were some of the issues which prevailed during the 19th century but luckily, this has all changed. In deed the city of New York has made a lot of progress to become a great city.
Work cited
Keller, Lisa. The triumph of order: democracy and public space and democracy in New York and London. New York: Columbia University Press.2010.Print.
Shorto, Russell. The Island at the center of the world: the epic story of Dutch Manhattan and the forgotten colony that shaped America. New York: Double Day.2005.Print.
Jacobs, Jane. Death and life of great American cities. New York: Vintage. 1992. Print.
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